You can adjust five Google Messages controls individually: RCS read receipts, in-app sounds, chat bubbles, Gemini in Messages, and Nudges. Engadget describes a menu path for each, including separate controls for reply and birthday reminders.

Find the control you want to change

SettingMenu path reported by EngadgetEffect described in its guide
RCS read receiptsProfile picture > RCS chats > read-receipts toggleTurns read receipts off in RCS chats.
In-app message soundsProfile picture > Settings > Hear outgoing and incoming message soundsTurns off sounds played when you send or receive messages while the app is open.
BubblesProfile picture > Settings > Bubbles > NoneSets chat bubbles to None.
Gemini in MessagesSettings > Gemini in MessagesTurns off Gemini in Messages.
NudgesProfile picture > Settings > Suggestions & Actions > NudgesLets you adjust reply and birthday reminders separately.
Pick the control that matches what you want to change. The settings cover different parts of the app, so you can adjust one without changing the others.

The read-receipts option is within RCS chats. The sound control is specifically described as affecting sounds while Google Messages is open. Engadget’s Max Miller also considered chat bubbles more useful on tablets or foldables, a matter of screen preference rather than a reason everyone needs to turn them off.

Nudges does not have to be an all-or-nothing choice: Engadget says reply reminders and birthday reminders can be switched separately. If you want to keep one type and silence the other, adjust the corresponding control under Nudges.

If you’re considering switching apps

A commenter in Reddit’s r/textra community, u/Denan004, said they scheduled weekly backups with SMS Backup and Restore and restored messages to a new phone. That is one user’s account of their own backup and restore experience.